1
University Libraries (614) 292-OSUL (6785) http:/library.osu.edu
AMA Manual of Style Citation Guide
The following entries illustrate the citation style according to the AMA Manual of Style
10th edition. The complete style manual is available in the Biological
Sciences/Pharmacy Library (BPL Reference R119 .A533 2007) or online at
http://www.amamanualofstyle. /oso/public/index.html. (You must be signed in for off
campus access.) You can paste the tiny url link into your web browser for each section.
Below are some guidelines for AMA citations:
List references in numerical order of use in the text, at the end of the document.
(See “Citing Sources in the Text” on page 8.)
Use Arabic superscript references outside periods and commas, and inside
colons and semicolons.
Use authors’ last name followed by initials. No periods after initials. Separate
names with commas.
In article and book titles only capitalize the first word, acronyms and proper
nouns.
PowerPoint presentations should include a bibliography.
Articles in Journals-Print (section 3.11 of style manual, http://tinyurl.com/8o7pql6)
The basic format for a reference to a print journal is:
Abbreviate and italicize journal names using National Library of Medicine
abbreviations at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog/journals.
List all authors unless there are more than six. If there are more than six, list the
first three then use “et al.”
Kennerly J, Jenkins A, Lewis AN, Eckel SF. Implementing smart pumps for epidural
infusions in an academic medical center. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2012;69(7):607-
611.
Author(s). Title. Journal Name [using National Library of Medicine abbreviations].
Year;vol(issue No.):inclusive pages.
2
If the article is from a supplement to a journal use the following example:
If an article is from a supplement to a journal use the following example:
Committee, group or organization as author:
Editorials or letters (place the article type in brackets [ ])
No author
Articles in Journals-Electronic (section 3.15 http://tinyurl.com/6t9axmg)
The preferred citation style for an electronic journal uses a DOI (digital object
identifier). The DOI provides a persistent link to the electronic item and is
considered to be more stable than a URL. No accessed date is required for the
DOI, making it the last item in the reference. If the DOI is not available use the
format for an article without it.
Article with DOI Available
Fan-Havard P, Kucukarslan S, Legg J, et al. Continuity of pharmaceutical services
for patients with AIDS in the transition from hospital to home. Am J Health Syst
Pharm. 1997; 54(12):1407-1412.
AMCP Task Force on Drug Payment Methodologies. AMCP guide to pharmaceutical
payment methods. J Manag Care Pharm. 2007;13(8 Suppl C):S1-39.
Talley C. Sterile compounding in hospital pharmacies [editorial]. Am J Health Syst
Pharm. 2003;60(24):2563.
Expanding the care team to improve drug adherence. Can Nurse. 2012;108(3):9.
Author (s). Title of article. Journal Name [using National Library of Medicine
Abbreviations]. Year; vol (issue no.):pages. doi:xx.xxxx.
Gilbert M. Recurrent glioblastoma: a fresh look at current therapies and emerging
novel approaches. Semin Oncol 2011;38 Suppl 4:S21-33.
Reardon G, Pandya N, Bailey RA. Falls in nursing home residents receiving
pharmacotherapy for anemia. Clin Interv Aging. 2012;7:397-407.
doi:10.2147/CIA.S34789.
3
Article without DOI
Article without DOI
E-Journal With No Page Numbers
Some online only articles do not have page numbers and may be noted by other
identifiers, e.g. by article or document number.
E-Pub Ahead of Print
In an article ahead of print citation, if the volume, issue number, date, or pages of
the print information are known, include what is known after the journal title and
year.
On-line Newsletters
Carroll MD, Kit BK, Lacher DA, Shero ST, Mussolino ME. Trends in Lipids and
Lipoproteins in US Adults, 1988-2010. JAMA. 2012;308(15):1545-1554.
http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1383233. Accessed October 17,
2012.
Jepson RG, Williams G, Craig JC. Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012; (10): CD001321. DOI:
10.1002/14651858.CD001321.pub5.
Author(s). Title. Journal Name Abbreviation. Year;vol(issue No.):inclusive pages.
URL Published [date]. Updated [date]. Accessed [date].
Messerli FH. Chocolate consumption, cognitive function, and Nobel laureates.
[Published online ahead of print October 10 2012]. N Engl J Med. 2012. DOI:
10.1056/NEJMon1211064.
Benefit of treating mild hypertension. Pharmacist's Letter. 2012; 28(10): Detail-
Document#: 281004.
http://pharmacistsletter.therapeuticresearch.com/pl/DD_pu.aspx?cs=OSU&s=PL&pt
=3&fpt=25&dd=281004&pb=PL. Accessed October 23, 2012.
4
Books and Book Chapters (3.12 Print Books http://tinyurl.com/8zaemdx)
The basic format for a reference to an entire book is:
If more than six authors/editors, list first three then et al.
The basic format for a book chapter is:
Electronic Books (3.15.2 Books and Books on CD-ROM http://tinyurl.com/9aat38g)
The basic format for reference to electronic books is as follows. Note: If the reference is
to the entire book, the information about chapter title and inclusive pages is not
included.
Krinsky DL, Berardi RR, Ferreri SP, et al. Handbook of nonprescription drugs :An
interactive approach to self-care. 17th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Pharmacists
Association; 2012.
Author of chapter. Chapter title. In: Book editor (s). Book Title. Edition. City, State (or
country of publication): Publisher; Publication Date: page numbers.
Fagan SC, Nichols, FT. Evaluation of neurologic illness. In: DiPiro JT, Talbert RL,
Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM, eds. Pharmacotherapy: A
Pathophysiologic Approach. 8th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2011:943-945.
Author(s). Chapter title. In: Editor(s). Book Title. [Edition number, if it is the second
edition or above; mention of first edition is not necessary] ed. City, State (or country)
of publisher: Publisher's name; copyright year. URL: [provide URL and verify that the
link still works as close as possible to the time of publication]. Accessed [date].
Author(s). Book Title. Edition number (if applicable). City, State (or country of
publication): Publisher; Publication Year.
Trissel LA. Handbook on injectable drugs. 16th ed. Bethesda, MD: American Society
of Health-System Pharmacists; 2011.
5
The “How to Cite This Chapter” link is useful when using Access Pharmacy
although you should check it for accuracy.
Web Pages (3.15 Electronic References http://tinyurl.com/9aat38g)
In citing data from a Web site, include the following elements, if available, in the order
shown:
Citing web sites can be challenging, include as much relevant information as
possible so others can find it.
Government/Organization Reports
Author(s), if given (often, no authors are given). Title of the specific item cited (if
none is given, use the name of the organization responsible for the site). Name of
the Web site. URL [provide URL and verify that the link still works as close as
possible to publication]. Published [date]. Updated [date]. Accessed [date].
International Academy of Compounding Pharmacists. What is compounding? IACP.
Protecting, promoting & advancing pharmacy compounding.
http://www.iacprx.org/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=1 Published 2012.
Accessed October 18, 2012.
Greenberger NJ, Conwell DL, Banks PA. Chapter 312. Approach to the Patient with
Pancreatic Disease. In: Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Jameson JL, Longo DL, Hauser SL,
eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill;
2012. http://www.accesspharmacy.com/content.aspx?aID=9135789. Accessed
October 20, 2012.
Jozwiak K, Lough WJ, Wainer IW, eds. Drug stereochemistry. : analytical methods
and pharmacology. 3rd ed. New York: Informa Healthcare; 2012.
http://site.ebrary.com/lib/ohiostate/docDetail.action?docID=10571234; Accessed
October 20, 2012.
U.S. Department of Health, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and
Blood Institute. Expert Panel Report 3 (EPR-3): Guidelines for the Diagnosis and
Management of Asthma - Summary Report 2007.
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/asthma/asthsumm.htm. Published October,
2007. Accessed October 24, 2012.
6
Internet Drug Information Databases
AMA does not provide citation examples of drug information databases. The following is
based on the format created by the Drug Information Center, McWhorter School of
Pharmacy at Samford University. A citation should include:
In Lexi-Comp update date is listed by drug name on first screen.
In Micromedex update date is the last entry of the “Display Entire Document” link
at top right.
In Facts & Comparisons update is last entry in References, labeled as “Last
Modified.”
When citing AHFS click on Show/Hide Bibliography at end of monograph for
citing information including date posted (updated).
Drug Name. In: (Specific database title) Online. Publication city, State: Publisher.
[drug updated (if not given date Published)]; access date]. URL.
Simvastatin. In: Lexi-Drugs Online. Hudson, OH : Lexi-Comp, Inc.; [Updated October
15, 2012; Accessed October 16, 2012].
http://online.lexi.com/lco/action/doc/retrieve/docid/patch_f/7671.
Simvastatin. In: DRUGDEX System Micromedex 2.0. Greenwood Village, CO:
Thompson Reuters (Healthcare) Inc. [Updated September 7, 2012; Accessed
October 16, 2012].
http://www.thomsonhc.com/micromedex2/librarian/ND_T/evidencexpert/ND_PR/evid
encexpert/CS/B45430/ND_AppProduct/evidencexpert/DUPLICATIONSHIELDSYNC/
2A8972/ND_PG/evidencexpert/ND_B/evidencexpert/ND_P/evidencexpert/PFActionI
d/evidencexpert.DisplayDrugdexDocument?docId=549200&contentSetId=100&title=
Simvastatin&servicesTitle=Simvastatin.
Simvastatin . In: Facts & Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Health.
[updated March, 2012; Accessed October 18, 2012].
http://online.factsandcomparisons.com/MonoDisp.aspx?monoID=fandc-
hcp12422&quick=670616|5&search=670616|5&isstemmed=True#firstMatch.
Simvastatin. In: AHFS Drug Information STAT!Ref Online Electronic Medical Library.
Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Updated October
9, 2012; Accessed October 18, 2012].
http://online.statref.com/document.aspx?fxid=1&docid=497.
7
In Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database update information is at end of
monograph.
Other Databases
In citing data from an online database, include the following elements, if applicable, in
the order shown:
Package Inserts
Package Inserts
Author(s). Title of the database. Publisher's location (city, state, or, for Canada, city,
province, country, or, all others, city, country): publisher's name; year of publication
and/or last update. URL [provide URL and verify that the link still works as close as
possible to publication]. Accessed [date].
National Cancer Institute: PDQ® Adult Brain Tumors Treatment. Bethesda, MD:
National Cancer Institute. Date last modified July 7, 2012.
http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/adultbrain/HealthProfessional.
Accessed October 19,2012. Accessed October 19, 2012.
Kava (Piper methysticum G. Forst) In: Natural Standard. Somerville, MA: Natural
Standard. [Published 2012; Accessed October 18, 2012].
http://www.naturalstandard.com/databases/herbssupplements/kava.asp?#bibliograp
hy.
Drug name [package insert]. Place of publication: Manufacturer; publication
(revision)date.
ZOCOR (simvastatin) [package insert]. Whitehouse Station, NJ; Merck; Revised
June, 2012.
8
For electronic package inserts add the URL and access date.
Videotapes, DVDs
The type of medium (CD-ROM, DVD, disk) is placed in square brackets after the
title.
Online Video
Citing Sources in the Text
Each reference should be cited in the text, tables, or figures in consecutive
numerical order, using superscript Arabic numerals.
Use superscript numerals outside periods and commas, but inside colons and
semicolons.
Avoid placing a superscript reference citation immediately after a number.
Only surnames of authors are used in the text.
The Narcotic Farm - Part 1/3 [video online]. 2008.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8BZrsAh4kd0&feature=related. Accessed October
19, 2012
Moore M, O'Hara M, Weinstein Company, Dog Eat Dog Films, Weinstein Company
Home Entertainment, Genius Products. Sicko [DVD]. New York, NY: Weinstein Co.
Home Entertainment; 2007.
9
Examples:
•
Smith
1
reported 8 instances of infection.
•
The 2 largest studies to date included 35 patients
2
and 40 patients.
3
•
As reported previously,
4-6
•
The data were as follows
7,8
:
•
The patients showed no sign of adverse effects.
2,9
Citing Images
Unless works are in the public domain, be sure to get copyright permission before
including any figures, pictures, diagrams that are copied and pasted onto your slides
and presented outside of an educational environment (i.e., when you are no longer a
student).
Cite an image like a web site using the information that is available.
Reprinted from Wikimedia Commons, 2010
1
Evan-Amos. A small and simple white mortar
and pestle, on bamboo. Wikimedia Commons.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/t
humb/a/af/White-Mortar-and-Pestle.jpg/278px-
White-Mortar-and-Pestle.jpg. Published
November 11, 2010. Accessed October 24,
2012.
If you include the image’s
sources in you reference list,
then you can insert a brief
acknowledgement below the
picture with a superscript.
If you do not include the image’s
source in your reference list,
then provide all information in
the acknowledgement below the
picture.